Actual vs volumetric weight for air, express, sea and road. Part of freightcalcs.com.
IATA standard: volume in cm³ ÷ 6,000 gives volumetric kg (equivalently 167 kg per CBM). You pay the greater of actual and volumetric weight.
DHL/FedEx/UPS express networks divide by 5,000 instead of 6,000 — a 20% higher volumetric weight for the same box. Parcel shipments use dimensional weight instead.
LCL is quoted per "weight or measure": 1 CBM is billed like 1,000 kg, whichever revenue is greater. Compute shipment volume with the CBM calculator.